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(No Model.)

0. M. RICHMOND.

ARTIFICIAL TOOTH GROWN. .No. 351,071. Patented Oct. 19, 1886.

QKWMMM: WWW/bot} 1 1 4% 61m www a a NITED STATES CASSI US M. RICHMOND, OF NEWV YORK, N. Y.

ARTIFICIAL TOOTH-CROWN.

SPECIFICATIONforming part of Letters Patent No. 351,071, datedCctober 19, 1886.

Application filed June r, 1886. Serial No. 204,481.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GASSIUS M. RICHMOND, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Artificial Tooth- Growns; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to artificial tooth crowns to replace the decayed or denuded natural crowns of humaateeth, and belongs to that class of crowns which have a metal band encircling the end of the root and to which-a porcelain facing is secured and united by a metallic backing.

My invention consists, first, of a toothcrown having a metal band at its base to encircle the tooth-root, a solid metallic backing forming a continuation of said hand, and a porcelain facing seated in said band and united to the solid metallic backing by a metallic connection embedded in the said porcelain facing. The metal band forms a cup at the base of the artificial crown, the roof of which is formed at the rear by the solid backing and at front by the lower end of the porcelain facing. A strong substantial crown is thus produced, having a rigid solid connection between the metal backing and porcelain facing of the crown.

My invention further consists in an anchor ing-pin for artificial tooth-crowns, having a shank to enter the opening in the tooth-root, and an enlarged upper end bent backward at an angle to said shank to fit a corresponding vertical opening in the toothcrown, whereby the anchoring-pin receives the thrusting backto-front strain upon the enlarged end of the pin, instead of laterally upon the side of the pin.

The subject-matter claimed is distinctly recited at the close of the specification.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view in elevation of my improved crown. Fig. 2 is a bottom, plan, or base view thereof. Fig. 3 is a section through a natural root with myimproved crown applied thereto; and Fig. at is a view of the improved anchoring-pin detached, and showing clearly its bent end.

(So model.)

My improved crown has a metal band, A, of the usual construction, which is accurately fitted to the end of the root B. The roof of said band is formed at the rear side by a solid metallic backing, O, of gold solder, for eXam ple, forming a continuation of said band, and at the front side by the base or cervical end of the porcelain cap or facing D. By the employment of the porcelain facing D a natural appearance is given to the artificial tooth structure. I unite the porcelain facing to the other parts of the crown by fitting the basal end of said facing to or in the front side of the band A, and then uniting it therewith by the solid metallic backing of gold solder, for example, which is tlowed around a pin or pins, d,embedded in the back of the porcelain facing so as to form asolid metallic connection with the metal of the band. The backing thus forms a solid metallic connection between the facing D and the rear side of the metal band A, securing great strength and rigidity in the crown, while forming a cup at the base of the crown for the secure attachment and accurate fitting of the crown to the toothroot.

My improved crown differs from other metal baud crowns with porcelain facings, in that I do not cap or roof the band entirely with metal, but form the front portion thereof by means of the lower end of the porcelain facing, and the rear portion by a solid metallic backing, and thus save time and expense and simplify the structure, while imparting additional strength. Perfectly tight joints are formed by means of the fastening-cement E, which is employed between the crown and root, and may be of the usual or any suitable kind-for instance, oxychloride of zinc.

The band A may be made and fitted to the root and the porcelain cap soldered thereto by the solid metallic backing in well known ways, and these steps need not be detailed here. I

The crown has an opening, a, through its rear metallic wall or backing, C, and after the cavity in the root and the cup at the end of the crown are filled with cement in a plastic condition the crown is pressed in place accurately on the root end, the surplus cement squeezing out at the opening a. I then, while the cemcut is still soft, force the shank of an anchoring post or pin, F, through the opening (t,

Fig. 3, and when the cement sets or hardens the crown is securely attached to the root. The upper end of said anchoring-pin is enlarged and bent rearwardly, as shown, whereby a more secure fastening is attained, a pin of this shape being peculiarly adapted to resist damaging blows or strains from the inside, from which direction they are always given. Such blows or strains are received on the end of the pin instead of the side thereofiin my invention. The bent end or head of the pin or post F is cem nted or otherwise secured to themetallic backing O, and the structure properly finished off in well-known ways.

I claim as my invention 1. The improved tooth crown having a metal band to fit the end of the tooth-root, the porcelain facing to close said band at front,

and the solid metallic backing to close said hand back of said facing, said metallic backing forming a solid union between said band and said porcelain facing, and united to a metallic connection embedded in said facing substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the tooth-crown having a metallic backing with an opening therethrough', of an anchoring-pin having a plain shank passing through said opening into the tooth-root, and an enlarged rearwardlybent head fitting and closing the opening in said crown and cemented thereto at the surface of said backing, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

OASSIUS M. RIOHMON D. Witnesses:

G. ALLIUS, WM. H HAESELBAR-TH. 

